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| Titre: | [Genetic Diversity of Golden Henbane (Hyoscyamus aureus) and In Vitro Alkaloid Production] |
| Auteur(s): | Bashr,SH,H. |
| Corporate Author: | Damascus University, Faculty of Agriculture. Syria |
| Issue Date: | 2012 |
| Editeur: | Damascus University, Faculty of Agriculture. Syria |
| Résumé: | This research was conducted to detect the morphological, molecular and chemical differences between golden henbane (Hyoscyamus aureus L) plants in south Syria by using tissue culture Technique (In Vitro). Seeds were collected from six locations (in 3 provinces: Assweidaa, Damascus and Draa) at different altitudes between 410-1416 m above sea level., Seeds were sterilized and grown In Vitro. Grown plants were described by some morphological characters. The molecular characterization was carried out by ISSR method (Inter Simple Sequence Repeats) to detect genetic variations. Tropane alkaloids content in leaves and roots was measured using Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Significant morphological differences were found between studied locations at 1%, Plant height ranged from 14.97 to 18.97 cm and stem color ranged from red to green. Trichome density also ranged between medium, high and very high density. Furthermore, significant differences in leaf dimensions were found according to the seed origin location. The main root length ranged from 6.09 to 8.37 cm. Molecular analysis by ISSR produced a total of 56 bands, 49 of them were polymorphic (87.5%), resulting from 11 non-specific primers. A genetic distance dendrogram was drawn based on the results of genetic the characterization of plants from different origins. The plants collected from Salkhad separated with a genetic distance of 0.312 while the plants collected from other locations were grouped together, but they have been divieded into two sub groups, the first comprised of Qalamoun and Dimas plants with a genetic distance of 0.032, whereas the second comprised of Bosra plants which have been separated clearly from those of Dara' dam and Wadi Al-Zaidi by a genetic distance of 0.017, These results may indicate a relationship between genetic characteristics of this species and the geographic distribution. Chemically, the results of GC-MS analysis showed the presence of tropane alkaloids (hyoscyamine and scopolamine) in the studied samples with varying concentrations from one sample to another. Alkaloids where less produced in the roots of Wadi al-Zaidi plants, (0.142 % of dry weight), Their seeds were collected at an altitude of 410 meters, while the maximum production of alkaloids was in the roots of Dimas plants (1.134% of dry weight), Their of seeds were collected at an altitude of more than 1150 meters. Results indicated that the concentration of tropane alkaloids (hyoscyamine and scopolamine) in the studied plants grown in vitro varied according to ecotypes of origin locations. These results confirm the environmental genetic interaction effect on the ability of the genotype to produce the active compounds. In the leaves, the highest amount of tropan alkaloids was in the leaves of Wadi al-Zaidi plants (0.062% of dry weight), and the lowest amount was in the leaves of Salkhad plants (0.003% of dry weight). This variation in the amount of alkaloids between leaves and roots could be attributed to that the tropane alkaloids are produced in the roots then move later to the aerial parts of the plant and concentrated mainly in cellular vesicles. In general, hyoscyamine was predominant in the roots while in the leaves, one of these alkaloids as predominant and the other as atrace, and the contrary is true. Golden henbane plants (H. aureus) in this study have easily induced callus by using MS medium with additions of growth regulators. The shoot wasbetter then the leaflet in callus induction. The medium 7,9,10 have excelled in the callus properties, where it was a white creamy, cohesive texture and desired granular shape. On medium 11 callus cells has differentiated into root hairs, While medium 1 was suitable to retrieve plants from callus cells. As a result, this study leads to many benefits of one of the important plant species when interest in medicinal and aromatic plants is increasing. |
| License: | http://andzoa.ma/fr |
| URI: | http://localhost:8080/dspace/handle/0/1008 |
| Appears in Collections: | Sans document
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